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KMID : 0191120220370080061
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
2022 Volume.37 No. 8 p.61 ~ p.61
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A Case Report of Varicella Zoster Meningitis as Co-Infection With Breakthrough COVID-19 in an Immunocompetent Patient
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Yun Seung-Hoon
Kim Jin-Yong
Shin Hye-Rim
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Abstract
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There are several previous reports that infection or reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) can occur after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Herein, we report a rare case of VZV meningitis in breakthrough COVID-19. An 18-years-old male visited the emergency room, presenting with a headache and fever of up to 38.4°C for 5 days. He received the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine 7 weeks prior to symptom onset. The symptoms persisted with headache, fever, and nausea. His cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed an elevated opening pressure of 27 cm H2O, 6/μL red blood cells, 234/μL white blood cells (polymorphonuclear leukocytes 3%, lymphocytes 83%, and other 14%), 43.9 mg/dL protein, and 59 mg/dL glucose, and CSF polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was positive for VZV. Also, he was diagnosed with COVID-19 by reverse transcriptase-PCR examining upper and lower respiratory tract. We administered intravenous acyclovir for 12 days, and he was discharged without any neurologic complication.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Varicella-Zoster Virus, Meningitis
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